1. Scientific basis

Dogs are endurance athletes, while cats are short burst hunters, and they exercise differently.

1) Dogs' exercise needs:

The Journal of Veterinary Behavior (2022) pointed out that dogs who exercise <30 minutes a day have a 3-fold increase in destructive behavior.

Working dogs such as Border Collies and Huskies need 1-2 hours of high-intensity exercise every day, otherwise they are prone to anxiety. 

2) Cats' exercise patterns:

Cats' hunting instinct determines that they like short sprints + ambushes. MIT research (2021) found that playing with a cat teaser for 10 minutes a day can reduce cats' nighttime parkour behavior by 70%.

2. Practical suggestions

Dogs: Walk the dog every day + sniffing games (stimulate the brain).

Cats: 3-4 times a day for 5 minutes of high-intensity play (imitating hunting).